[Debate] (Fwd) Rio-related reports: Bassey on bay eco-social struggles; Martinez-Alier on enviro justice; Temper on jatropha; Warlenius on eco-debt owed the South (Africa Report)

Thu Jul 5 09:12:31 BST 2012

Patrick:

Nimmo Bassey visited major sites polluted by Petrobras. Isn't this the same
Petrobras that has funded the World Social Forum? And whose logo has
regularly appeared on WSF sites?

Yes, of course it is. And so I searched for <wsf petrobras> and found
nothing since 2010, where issue was taken with this (and related matters),
for which see

http://rsp.org.au/content/has-world-social-forum-been-co-opted-capitalism-does-it-have-future

PeterW

On Thu, Jul 5, 2012 at 9:46 AM, Patrick Bond <pbond at mail.ngo.za> wrote:

>  <http://theafricareport.com/index.php/joan-martinez-alier-501814310.html>
>
> *
> http://theafricareport.com/index.php/20120704501814792/columns/after-rio-20-brazil-s-cemetery-of-mangroves-and-fisherfolks-501814792.html
> *
>
> *4 July 2012 19:44
> *
>
> *After Rio+20, Brazil's Cemetery of Mangroves and Fisherfolks
> *
>
> *Nnimmo Bassey
> *
>
> *Two visits outside the heart of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, marked the
> highpoints of my visit to that city for the infamous Rio+20 summit.*
> **
>
> *The first was on 14 June with colleagues from the Oilwatch International
> network and that visit took us to Caxias. This is a community that has had
> to bear fifty years of toxic assault by petrochemical installations
> including the Refineria Duque de Caxias (REDUC).
>
> This refinery is the heart of petrochemical factories that dot the Caxias
> landscape and is the fourth largest supplier of refined petroleum products
> to the country. Potable water is a problem in this municipality and some
> folks reportedly rely on untreated water from the refinery.
>
> The locals see the petrochemicals, including a proposed new refinery set
> to become the largest in Latin America, as developments that excludes the
> participation of the citizens. They bemoan a dearth of health facilities
> even as they bear the assault of multiple pollutions from the
> petrochemicals complex.
>
> Men and Women of the Sea
>
> The second visit was on 17 June as part of the Rio +Toxic tour to Mage. It
> doubled as a solidarity visit to the struggling community people at the
> Guanabara Bay area.
>
> During the visit we met with members of [I]Homens e Mulheres do Mar
> Association[/I] (AHOMAR) – Association of Men and Women of the Sea in the
> Guanabara Bay. That name did not include women initially, but after years
> of gender struggles the role of the women had to be duly recognized and
> acknowledged in the name.
>
> This last visit commenced from a point between the head offices of
> Petrobras, the Brazilian national oil company, and the offices of the
> Brazilian National Development Bank known to be a major financier of toxic
> projects in the country. The bank has a budget larger than that of the
> World Bank and extends its tentacles all over Latin America and deep into
> Africa. The bank turned 60 years on 20 June and fittingly holds itself up
> as the flag bearer for green capitalism.
>
> Life turned unpredictable for the fisherfolks in the Guanabara Bay when
> Petrobras constructed its pipelines through the Bay. When an oil spill
> occurred in 2000 it increased the challenges faced by the fisherfolks. The
> footprint of that oil spill is still visible in the Ipiringa area and the
> destroyed mangrove is yet to recover. Indeed, the locals call the area the
> "cemetery of mangroves."
>
> As much as Petrobras has tried to restore the mangrove, the best result is
> seen only in photos where mangroves planted in pots are photographed before
> they wilt, according to local sources.
>
> Our team went through various locations in Mage in the company of members
> of AHOMAR. A rather uncomfortable aspect was that the leader of AHOMAR,
> Alexandre Anderson de Sousa, had to travel in a police car as it was
> considered unsafe for him to travel with us in our bus or by any other
> means. Since 2009, Alexandre and his family have been under 24/7 police
> protection under the Human Rights Defenders Program of the government. The
> officers go with him everywhere, everytime.
>
> Perhaps this level of protection is necessary for Alexandre's safety. It
> could also be a way of ensuring that his activism is curtailed. I found the
> presence of the cops rather unnerving. But, as Alexandre said, they are
> living in difficult times and terrain and their struggle is one of
> survival. Their struggle has been one of ensuring minimal impacts from
> petroleum installations as well as resisting expansion of the facilities.
>
> Already some communities have been displaced by pipeline construction and
> their overall fishing grounds has been reduced to about 12 per cent of the
> area over the past few years. According to the fisherfolks, about 9000
> families are involved in the struggle.
>
> According to research done by the department of Geography of the
> University of Rio de Janeiro, since the oil spill occurred the fishing
> stock has depleted by 80-90 per cent of what it was in the 1990s. Twelve
> years after the incident, the stock is yet to return to normal contrary to
> assurances they had received from Petrobras. They regret that the best
> fishing grounds are no longer accessible to them but are taken up by oil
> installations, pipelines and related mega-projects.
>
> In addition, commercial fishing companies use big vessels that destabilize
> the smaller boats used by the locals. In addition they complain that they
> get shot at with automatic weapons at times by private security outfit. The
> objective of the harassment is to stop them from fishing, according to the
> locals.
>
> "When Petrobras is accused you can be sure there would be no
> investigations," one of the local leaders told us. "We are being squeezed
> out of business because we cannot go to the deep seas in our small boats."
>
> Death and Dignity
>
> The bay has literally become a platform for Petrobras and sections are
> fenced off and cannot be accessed by locals. One leader told us: "we are
> resisting because we have no options. We might live or die. Our death may
> not result from gun shots, but because our livelihoods have been
> destroyed." He added, "We are not seeking to be rich, we just want to live
> our lives in dignity."
>
> The reality of the precarious situation of the AHOMAR activists was
> underscored by the murder of two of their leaders a few days after our
> visit. They are indeed denied dignity in life and in death. The shocking
> news reached the world that:
>
> "Almir Nogueira de Amorim and João Luiz Telles Penetra, artisanal
> fishermen and members of Homens e Mulheres do Mar Association (AHOMAR) went
> missing after going out to fish on Friday, 22 June 2012." Further, reports
> of the brutal murders inform, "Almir's body was found on sunday, June 24th,
> tied to their boat, submerged close to the São Lourenço beach in Magé, Rio
> de Janeiro. The body of João Luiz Telles, Pituca, was found on monday, June
> 25th, with hands and feet tied in fetal position, close to the São Gonçalo
> beach."
>
> Recalling past incidents, reports have it that in "2009, the men and women
> of AHOMAR occupied the construction sites of land and sub-sea gas pipelines
> for transport of Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas
> (LPG), built by a consortium between two contractors: GDK and Oceânica,
> hired by Petrobras. This construction is directly making artisanal fishing
> impossible in the Mauá-Magé beach, Guanabara Bay, where the AHOMAR
> headquarters is located.
>
> "They anchored their boats close to the pipelines and stayed there for 38
> days. Since then, the fishermen are suffering constant death threats. That
> same year, in May, Paulo Santos Souza, formerly in charge of the
> association's accounting, was brutally beaten in front of his family and
> killed with five shots in the head. In 2010, another AHOMAR founder, Márcio
> Amaro, was also murdered at his home, in front of his mother and wife. Both
> crimes have never been cleared up."
>
> [B]Nigerian Gas imported and Flared[/B]
>
> On the way to "the cemetery of mangroves" we saw gas pipelines that had an
> interesting story behind them. Around 2002 when Brazil had an energy crisis
> due to reduction in levels of water in her hydroelectricity dams, the
> country began to import liquefied natural gas from Nigeria. With an
> improvement in the energy situation the importation continues and the
> excess gas is simply flared. It can be said that Nigeria, the second
> biggest flarer of natural gas after Russia, flares at two ends of the pipe:
> in the Niger Delta and in Brazil.
>
> Another similarity with the messy oil fields of Nigeria is that most of
> the spills are first reported by fisherfolks. The Petrobras spill of 2000
> at Ipiringa is said to have occurred by 1 AM and was discovered by
> fisherfolks six hours later. The massive spill destroyed a huge swath of
> mangrove and with it took the bottom off the livelihoods of at least 300
> families who used to pick crabs, prawns and other seafoods here.
>
> The toxic tour ended with a standing meeting with the environment
> secretary of the Mage Municipality. Before that meeting we visited Surui
> community heavily impacted by an oil pipeline that cuts right through it.
> Stories of buildings cracked by heavy earth moving machinery during the
> laying of the pipeline as well as displacement of several families are rife
> here.
>
> The land acquisition process is quite interesting. According to the
> locals, Petrobras officials would arrive at your door and offer you a
> certain amount of money for your property. If you refuse, they leave. But
> when they come a second time they would inform you that the money they
> offered has been set aside for you in a special account. In other words,
> you have no option but to accept their offer. When the officials come a
> third time, their mission is simple: to evict you from your property.
>
> We are all fisherfolk
>
> The deaths of Almir, João Luiz, Paulo and Márcio must be denounced in the
> strongest terms. We cannot stand apart from this assault simply because it
> is not occurring in our territories. Our realities are not different
> whether in the oil fields of Nigeria and Ecuador, the mines of Philippines
> or the tar sand pits of Alberta Canada. Communities with oil, gas and
> mineral resources are daily being assaulted. The least we can do to defend
> our common humanity is to stand in solidarity with challenged peoples all
> over the world and proclaim that: we are all fisherfolk; we are all AHOMAR
> activists!
> *
>
> ****
> *
>  Dying for the environment
> <http://theafricareport.com/index.php/20120627501814350/columns/dying-for-the-environment-501814350.html>
> By *Joan Martinez-Alier<http://theafricareport.com/index.php/joan-martinez-alier-501814310.html>
> *
>
>  [image: Joan Martinez-Alier]<http://theafricareport.com/index.php/joan-martinez-alier-501814310.html>
>
>
> *One of EJOLT's* main tasks - of which I am the coordinator - is to
> collect and map a large global inventory (not less than 2000 cases) of
> environmental conflicts. Some will be success stories of forests saved, of
> dams or mining projects stopped. Others, of recurring and replicated
> unsustainable development models, packaged in the language of 'growth' -
> unquestioned; accepted.*
>
> Often, environmentalists are killed.
>
> Many of us in the EJOLT project were in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012. It
> was presented to the world in the usual wrapping paper: hope, change,
> possibilities. Meanwhile, the alternative "people's summit" at the beach in
> Flamengo was entitled "For Social and Environmental Justice". The
> official conference at Rio Center, however, scarcely mentioned
> environmental injustices, crimes and liabilities. The one-eyed kings
> leading so many of the  blind - unknowing, unconscious; into the 'green
> economy'...
>
> However, in Brazil itself since December 1988 when Chico Mendes was killed
> fighting deforestation in Acre, hundreds of other socio-environmental
> activists have been killed. While we were in Rio, people fighting for the
> environment were killed from Peru to the Philippines. The civil society
> organization Global Witness published impressive figures on such victims
> which went unmentioned in the bland agreement signed in Rio by governments
> (many of which are involved in such crimes).
>
> After Rio, I read a book on Mexico by Luis Hernández Navarro, "Siembra de
> concreto, cosecha de ira". In Mexico there are environmental justice
> networks such as REMA (against mining projects), MAPDER (against dams), "En
> Defensa del Maiz" (against transgenics and in defence of peasant
> agriculture).
>
> hundreds of other socio-environmental activists have been killed
>
> There is also the Asamblea de Afectados Ambientales. This crisply written
> book gives short accounts of many environmental conflicts emphasizing the
> successes of the poor and the indigenous. The author unavoidably mentions
> names of well-known environmentalists killed since 2007. The list could be
> multiplied by three by resorting merely to the regional newspaper editions
>  or to the webpages of EJOs.
>
> In any given country, the number of activists who die is not
> directly related to the number of conflicts. It depends also on the
> general level of violence, which is higher in Mexico, Colombia and Peru
> than in Ecuador or Argentina. This being acknowledged, here are
> names gathered from Hernández Navarro's book. Behind each name there was
> or there still is an environmental justice organization or a
> communal entity.
>
> • Aldo Zamora, 15 May 2007, member of the tlahuica community
> fighting deforestation in San Juan Atzingo, killed by "talamontes" (large
> scale wood robbers) in the vicinity of Santa Lucía, Ocuilan, Mexico State.
>
> • Aristeo Flores Rolón and Raul Delgado Benavides, 2007, in Cuautitlán de
> Barragán, Jalisco, for their defence of indigenous rights against iron
> mining in the ejido of Ayotitlán.
>
> • Bernardo Méndez Vásquez and Bernardo Vásquez Sánchez, 18 January and 15
> March 2012,  Coordinadora de Pueblos Unidos del Valle de Ocotlán, in San
> José del Progreso, Oaxaca, for their opposition to the mining project La
> Trinidad of Fortuna Silver Mining.
>
> • Betty Cariño, 27 Abril 2010, 37 years old, when travelling to San Juan
> Copala in solidarity with the triqui community. An activist in the Mixteca
> and elsewhere, a radio journalist, she had origins in Liberation Theology
> and was involved in conflicts against dams and for peasant agriculture.
>
> • Leopoldo Juárez Urbina, 8 May 2010, and five or six other members of the
> purépecha community of Cherán, Michoacán, defending their communal forests
> against "talamontes".
>
> • Mariano Abarca, 27 November 2009, 50 years old, Chicomuselo, Chiapas,
> leader of the resistance to a barite mine owned by the Canadian company
> Backfire.
>
> • Miguel Angel Pérez Cazales, 31 octubre 2009, from Santa
> Catalina, Tepotzlán, defending the protected area of Texcal
> against urbanization.
>
> • Rubén Flores, 28 April 2010, his birthday, 42 years old,
> Coajumulco, Morelos, defending the forest of Ajusco Chihinautzin, killed
> by "talamontes".
>
> *The EJOLT project (Environmental Justice Organizations, Liabilities and
> Trade) initiative is a large collaborative project bringing together
> science and society; academics, researchers and environmental justice
> activists, to catalogue conflicts and work towards confronting ecological
> injustice. Work areas include nuclear energy; oil, gas and carbon
> injustice; biomass and land conflicts; mining and ship breaking;
> environmental health and risk assessment; liabilities and valuations; law
> and institutions; and ecological debt, consumption and unjust ecological
> exchanges. For more information, visit www.ejolt.org
>
> ***
>   The controversial jatropha stumbles in Kenya
> <http://www.theafricareport.com/index.php/20120629501814530/soapbox/the-controversial-jatropha-stumbles-in-kenya-501814530.html>
> By *Leah Temper*
>
>
> *A campaign by Nature Kenya and other Environmental Justice Organizations
> (EJOs) has saved the Dakatcha Woodland Important Bird Area (IBA) from
> destruction from biofuel crops after Kenya's National Environmental
> Management Authority (NEMA) rejected clearance for a pilot project on over
> 10,000 ha of land.
> *
>
> *[image: A study shows that biofuel from plantations at the Dakatcha
> Woodland would result in up to six times more carbon emissions than fossil
> fuels/Photo/Reuters]*The Italian owned company Nuove Iniziative
> Industriali Srl, through a local subsidiary called Kenya Jatropha Energy
> Limited, had proposed converting 50,000 ha of land at the Kenya coast
> into Jatropha curcas plantations. The 32,000 ha Dakatcha Woodland is within
> the proposed plantations.
>
> The Dakatcha Woodland is located 40 kilometers North of the coastal town
> of Malindi and is home to rare and globally threatened birds. It is also
> home to over 20,000 people and is the ancestral land of the indigenous
> minority Watha and Giriama tribes. The plantation would not only have
> evicted the tribes from their land, but would also have uprooted their
> sacred burial sites.
>
> The EJOs further contended that the local council had betrayed the
> trusteeship of the land by agreeing to irregularly allocate the land, held
> in trust for the benefit of the community, to the Italian private
> developer, in disregard of the needs of local people and biodiversity. The
> groups also pointed to Kenya Jatropha Energy LTD's unprofessional and
> irresponsible behavior by starting the project and clearing forestlands
> against the law without the proper clearances.
>
> This move by NEMA is an important step in the fight against the widespread
> implementation of Jatropha Curcas in Africa. Jatropha has become a
> controversial biofuel. While proponents argue that the crop is resistant to
> drought and pest problems, critics contend that the biofuel, as with many
> first generation biofuels, may actually produce more greenhouse gas
> emissions than burning fossil fuels if it is grown over natural ecosystems,
> such as the Dakatcha Woodlands, and that it needs more water than maize to
> produce a good crop of oil seed and is subject to many pests and diseases.
>
> A study commissioned by Nature Kenya, the Royal Society for the Protection
> of Birds and Action Aid, reveals that biofuel produced from the proposed
> plantations at Dakatcha will result in up to six times more carbon
> emissions than fossil fuels.
>
> Much of the biofuel produced in Dakatcha is destined for Europe because of
> new European Union targets. The misguided Renewable Energy Directive (RED)
> requires 10 per cent of transport to be renewable by 2020 and most member
> states plan to meet this almost entirely through biofuels. To meet this
> target, millions of hectares of land will need to be turned over to biofuel
> crops. Such land is not available in Europe so the alternative is Africa,
> driving the rampant landgrab that has seen hundreds of thousands of
> hectares acquired by foreign companies and governments.
>
> Yet, even as the Dakatcha Woodlands is spared and another British Company,
> G4 industries, has also pulled out of the Coast region in Kenya, the Tana
> Delta wetlands area remains under threat by several projects, including one
> proposed by a Canadian biofuel company, Bedford fuels, to grow 10,000
> hectares of jatropha.
>
> "It is heartening to see NEMA's decisions being guided by science. We now
> urge NEMA to apply the same criteria to the proposed biofuel plantations in
> other sensitive areas such as the Tana River Delta," said Paul Matiku,
> Executive Director of Nature Kenya (BirdLife's offshoot in the region), in
> a press release.
>
> *Leah Temper is a doctoral student, and a researcher in Environmental
> History and Ecological Economics at the Autonomous University of Barcelona.
> *
>
> ****
> *
>
> 29 June 2012 17:19
>  Rio+20 or Rio-20: Green economy vs Ecological debt
> <http://www.theafricareport.com/index.php/20120629501814528/soapbox/rio-20-or-rio-20-green-economy-vs-ecological-debt-501814528.html>
> By *Rikard Warlenius - PhD candidate, Lund University, Sweden, *
>
>
> *The high-level UN Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, last week was
> called an "epic failure" by Greenpeace and other environmental
> organizations, their disappointments reminiscent of the "epic failure" of
> the UN Climate Conference in Durban, South Africa only half a year earlier.
> *
>
> **Other critics have re-named the summit "Rio–20", since no progress at
> all has been made since the Earth Summit in the same city in 1992, when
> three important conventions were adopted on climate change, biodiversity
> and desertification. Yet, despite their noble ambitions, these conventions
> have failed miserably in reversing the negative global environmental
> trends: since 1990, yearly emissions of carbon dioxide have increased 45 %
> and soon the atmospheric concentration will pass 400 ppm, to be compared
> with the 280 ppm pre-industrial rate. The extinction rate of species today
> is alarmingly high with some 30 % of amphibians, 21 % of birds and 25 % of
> mammal species at risk. The fight against desertification is also being
> lost, with the percentage of degraded land area rising from 15 % in 1991 to
> 24 % in 2008.
>
> Stated goals to reduce the ecological and carbon footprint and at the same
> time improve life for the billions who still lack basic resources cannot be
> achieved while simultaneously maintaining growth for those who already live
> in prosperity.
>
> But if the 1992 Rio Summit convention was too little too late, at least it
> still remotely mustered some global political ambition for dealing with the
> ecological crises. The same cannot be said of any global environmental
> agreements since. The 2012 Rio declaration, ironically called "The future
> we want", is nothing but a political surrender to the forces of ecological
> destruction that now put human civilization as we know it at stake.
>
> From a geopolitical perspective the negotiation stalemate is doubtlessly
> caused by the inaction of the developed countries in the North. Even though
> their population is only one fifth of the worlds', their accumulated carbon
> emissions amount to 75 % of the total. Similar figures for ecological
> footprints inexorably reveals who has caused – and benefited from –
> environmental degradation, and who therefore should be obliged to take the
> lead – and pay the costs – towards a global green transition. Twenty years
> ago, this obligation was acknowledged through the adoption of the "common
> but differentiated responsibilities" principle 7 in Rio 1992. But since the
> North has never fulfilled its assignment – definitely not the US, with the
> EU being only slightly better – it is completely unrealistic that countries
> such as China, India, Brazil or South Africa would put their partly
> successful catch-up development at risk for cleaning up the mess caused by
> others.
>
> Seen from an economic system perspective, the ecological crises reveal a
> crisis for the development model of both North and South. Inherent in the
> notion of "sustainable development" – launched in the 1987 Brundtland
> Report and the foundation for all mainstream environment policy since then
> – lies the promise of green growth, of constant win-win solutions between
> ecology and economy, that simply has not been met in reality. Not in the
> classic industrialization development formula, not in the private
> profit-maximizing structural adjustment neoliberalism, and not in the
> financial market approach of the so-called "green economy" that was the
> flavor of the month in Rio 2012. While never clearly defined, green economy
> usually refers to attempts at "internalizing the environmental
> externalities" through the objectification and commodification of
> ecosystems (reduced to their "environmental services"). These newly minted
> services can then be bought, traded or securitized as any other financial
> commodities.
>
> Experience so far implies that such market-based solutions have weak
> environmental impacts but strong social impacts. Evaluations of the the CDM
> market, part of the carbon trading scheme of the Kyoto protocol, reveal
> that between one and two third of the projects do not deliver the promised
> emission cuts. In Africa, India and other parts of the world, poor rural
> dwellers are those most dependent on the free "services" – e.g. fresh
> water, food, firewood, medical plants – that the natural commons provide.
> Payment schemes may perhaps slow down deforestation at a high social price,
> but the "avoided emissions" are then traded and exchanged for continued
> emissions in a developed country. In this way, finanzialisation often means
> zero gains for the environment but a de-facto transfer of rights and
> properties from the poor to the rich. Essentially, it provides a way for
> those who can afford it to occupy double the environmental space, as they
> can continue emitting, while assuaging their guilt through "green
> consumption". No wonder the "green economy" has been enthusiastically
> hailed by companies and governments stuck in the growth discourse while at
> the same time has beewn unequivocally rejected by social and environmental
> movements throughout the global South.
>
> In order to find genuinely sustainable solutions – in both an
> environmental and social sense – to the current crises other methods and
> policies will most certainly prove necessary. But even more crucial is the
> insight that these crises cannot be solved only by the win-win market-based
> solutions. The social metabolism – the economy's material and energy
> throughput from extraction to waste – tends to increase whether economic
> growth is dubbed green or not, and as it grows, so does ecological
> degradation and an increase of environmental distribution conflicts over
> the use of the resources – for social or market purposes. Stated goals to
> reduce the ecological and carbon footprint and at the same time improve
> life for the billions who still lack basic resources cannot be achieved
> while simultaneously maintaining growth for those who already live in
> prosperity. Someone will have to make sacrifices.
>
> A truly sustainable agenda would have to start with a recognition of the
> ecological debt. From colonial days until today, raw materials and energy
> from the South and the global commons, as well as their sink capacities,
> have been expropriated for the social metabolism of the North without
> properly compensating material losses, ecological degradation, labor and
> lost development opportunities. This has been crucial for the North's
> ability to secure world dominance as well as welfare and prosperity for
> most of its citizens, while the South's efforts to catch up constantly have
> been undermined.
>
> The ecological debt is hard to measure in full extent, but attempts at
> quantifying one important part of it, the climate debt, show that most
> African countries are creditors rather than a debtors, while all Northern
> countries have a huge debt not only to the South, but also to future
> generations everywhere for emitting greenhouse gases way above what is
> long-term sustainable. This debt should be acknowledged and compensated
> for, for instance through green technology transfer and cash payments
> directly to poor households.
>
> While repayment of the ecological debt could and should enable
> (sustainable) development for those who need it most, it is also clear that
> the capitalist economic growth in both North and South has a very high
> social cost and is environmentally disastrous. In the end, a new
> development model is needed. Such a new model was not at all considered in
> the official 2012 Rio Earth Summit "negotiations". But Rio de Janeiro also
> hosted a parallel People's Summit, which was nothing less than an inclusive
> and democratic laboratory for the elaboration of sustainable ways forward.
> Here, "green economy" was rejected for a localized economy in harmony with
> nature and ideals of consumerism and growth abandoned for the adoption of
> liberated time and basic income as a prerequisite for "good life – buen
> vivir" for all.
>
> *Rikard Warlenius - PhD candidate, Lund University, Sweden, who visited
> Rio as partner of the international research project EJOLT (Environmental
> Justice Organizations, Liabilities and Trade), see ejolt.org*
>
> _______________________________________________
> Debate-list mailing list
> Debate-list at fahamu.org
> http://lists.fahamu.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/debate-list
>
>

-- 
*1.* Contribute to Journal Special on 'New Worker
Movements<http://www.interfacejournal.net/2011/06/call-for-papers-volume-4-issue-2-for-the-global-emancipation-of-labour-new-movements-and-struggles-around-work-workers-and-precarity/>
'!
*2. Blog:* http://www.unionbook.org/profile/peterwaterman
*3. EBook 2011, 'Under, Against, Beyond - Essays 1980s-
   1990s* s <http://www.into-ebooks.com/book/under-against-beyond/>
http://www.into-ebooks.com/book/under-against-beyond/
*4.* WorkingPaper *2012*: 'Emancipatory Labour
Studies'<http://www.iisg.nl/publications/respap49.pdf>
:
*5.* Draft EBook 2012: 'Recovering Internationalism - Essays 2000-10'
(draft):
     http://www.scribd.com/doc/82125289/ReCovIntComp-A-2
     http://www.scribd.com/doc/82129474/ReCovtIntComp-B-2
*6. *Essay 2012: 'The 2nd Coming of the World Federation of Trade
Unions': <http://www.unionbook.org/profiles/blogs/peter-waterman-the-second-coming-of-the-wftu-updated>
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: http://lists.fahamu.org/pipermail/debate-list/attachments/20120705/dac87a8b/attachment-0001.htm 
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: not available
Type: image/jpeg
Size: 55639 bytes
Desc: not available
Url : http://lists.fahamu.org/pipermail/debate-list/attachments/20120705/dac87a8b/attachment-0003.jpeg 
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: not available
Type: image/jpeg
Size: 6952 bytes
Desc: not available
Url : http://lists.fahamu.org/pipermail/debate-list/attachments/20120705/dac87a8b/attachment-0004.jpeg 
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: not available
Type: image/jpeg
Size: 43344 bytes
Desc: not available
Url : http://lists.fahamu.org/pipermail/debate-list/attachments/20120705/dac87a8b/attachment-0005.jpeg 