[Debate] Fwd: Jeremy Brecher : The 99 Percent Organize Themselves

m_redmond at btinternet.com m_redmond at btinternet.com
Sun Nov 6 20:36:14 GMT 2011


The indignados/indignants, now occupy movement, is shaking the labour 
movement and all other institutions who have relied on passive 
membership and luke-warm support, out of their complacency. Even Ed 
Milliband is saying the St Pauls protesters must be taken seriously, 
whilst simultaneously denouncing the big strike against pension cuts on 
the 30th November.



Of course it hasn't come from nowhere overnight. People involved have 
been working  in autonomous environmental groups, peace picnicking and 
camping outside parliament for 10 years, actively supporting people in 
sub-standard housing, campaigning on unpopular issues like asylum and 
are often active in more than one group. Lots has been learned and I 
HOPE that someone is writing a history of recent activism.



What I have noticed in this occupy is the greatest attempts being made 
to reach out to everyone from the police to city workers and no belittling of anyone's point of view. There is a long way to go and 
much pain on the horizon I'm sure but it feels as though a boil has been
 lanced. Even if (when) enthusiasm subsides, what has been learned won't be lost. What I would like to see now are more neighbourhood occupations.

===============================================================
I Support Hackney Community Law Centre. Legal Action for the Community!
http://www.hclc.org.uk/

Become a Friend of Hackney Community Law Centre

 


--- On Sun, 6/11/11, Peter Waterman <peterwaterman1936 at gmail.com> wrote:

From: Peter Waterman <peterwaterman1936 at gmail.com>
Subject: [Debate] Fwd: Jeremy Brecher : The 99 Percent Organize Themselves
To: "DEBATE" <debate-list at fahamu.org>
Date: Sunday, 6 November, 2011, 11:02


  

    
  
  
    

     Peter sez:

          

          Jeremy Brecher is a veteran US labour historian and activist.
          This is a second piece of his on the Occupy movement.

          Interestingly, I received this from Jai Sen, of CACIM, New
          Delhi, which has been publishing a series of books,
          'Challenging Empires', about the World Social Forum and the
          global justice and solidarity movement. He received the piece
          from Jeremy in the USA. What I find of particular interest
          here is the dialectic Jeremy reveals between the Occupy and
          the labour movement, as well as the historical comparisons and
          contrasts he draws. As well as the 'communications
          internationalism' evident from the long but rapid journey from
          the USA to India to South Africa (and wherever else this item
          lands up).

          

          What goes around comes around?

          

          Not to forget the Oakland slogan: The Beginning is Near!*

          

          Pw

          

          *The reference here is to 'The End is Nigh!', of which the web
          provides this useful specification:

          

         "Nigh" means near and the saying really means "The
      End of the World is Coming Soon". The phrase derives from a man
      who could often be seen walking up and down London's Oxford Street
      wearing a sandwich board bearing these words. The meaning was
      purely religious - he was warning of the 'impending' Christian
      vision of Apocalypse - but the phrase has since entered the
      popular consciousness as a slightly derogatory term for someone or
      something warning of impending doom.

      

          Now read on...

          

          
    
    
      
      Published
        on The Nation (http://www.thenation.com)
      

      
      
      The 99
        Percent Organize Themselves
      Jeremy Brecher | November 4, 2011
      
        
          
            In mid-October I spent two days and a night with Occupy
              Wall Street in Zuccotti Park. Since then I’ve read a
              barrage of advice for what OWS and its companion movements
              around the world should be doing. But I’ve been haunted by
              another question: What should those of us who are
              sympathetic to OWS (according to polls, roughly two-thirds
              of Americans are), but are not going to relocate to a
              downtown park, be doing to advance the wellbeing of the 99
              percent?
            I got one part of my answer as I groggily logged on to
              the web at 5:30 the morning after I returned home from
              Zuccotti Park. When I left the park, its private owner
              Brookfield Properties had announced it would clear the
              park “for cleaning” and enforce rules preventing tarps,
              sleeping bags, and lying down. Mayor Bloomberg said the
              NYPD would enforce those rules, effectively ending the
              encampment.
            But a funny thing happened on the way to the eviction.
              When OWS put out a call for support, thousands of people
              began to converge on the park for nonviolent resistance to
              eviction. Unions called on their members to protect the
              encampment. The president of the AFL-CIO’s Central Labor
              Council lobbied the city to cancel the crackdown. Lawyers
              prepared to bring suit to protect the occupiers’ first
              amendment rights. City council members and other New York
              politicians lobbied the mayor to halt the eviction.
              Against all expectation, Mayor Bloomberg announced that
              Brookfield was abandoning the “cleanup” plan and the
              company announced it would try to reach an accommodation
              with the occupiers. The mobilization of supporters had
              forced the Mayor and the park owners to back down. I had
              my first answer to what the rest of the 99 percent can do:
              Protect the occupations.
            Since then, there have been similar mobilizations to
              protect occupations in cities from Atlanta to Oakland.
              Many have involved a similar combination of public
              officials, trade unions, and rank-and-file 99 percenters
              just showing up to defend their rights. In one
              extraordinary case, law enforcement officials themselves
              were responsible for saving the Occupy Albany encampment
              in Academy Park across from the State Capitol and City
              Hall. As protests grew, Police Chief Steven Krokoff issued
              an internal memo stating, “I have no intention of
              assigning officers to monitor, watch, videotape or
              influence any behavior that is conducted by our citizens
              peacefully demonstrating in Academy Park” and that the
              department would respond “in the same manner that we do on
              a daily basis” to any reported crime.
            According to the Albany Times-Union, Albany
              Mayor Jerry Jennings, under pressure from the
              administration of Gov. Andrew Cuomo, thereupon directed
              city police to arrest several hundred Occupy Albany
              protesters. The police refused. The Times-Union reported
              that “State Police supported the defiant posture of Albany
              police leaders to hold off making arrests for the
              low-level offense of trespassing, in part because of
              concern it could incite a riot or draw thousands of
              protesters in a backlash that could endanger police and
              the public.” According to the official, “The bottom line
              is the police know policing, not the governor and not the
              mayor.” Meanwhile, Albany County District Attorney David
              Soares informed the mayor and police officials that,
              “Unless there is property damage or injuries to law
              enforcement we don’t prosecute people for protesting.”
            A 99 Percent Movement?
            I remember well how the movement against the Vietnam war,
              so powerful among the youth on America’s campuses in the
              1960s, was largely isolated from the rest of the country.
              Something very different is happening right now, however:
              The Occupy movements have been building alliances through
              direct action mutual aid. And 99 percenters are connecting
              with them and utilizing their spirit and methods to
              contest their own injustices. The result is that OWS,
              instead of becoming isolated, is morphing before our eyes
              into what some are calling the 99 Percent Movement.
            When Rose Gudiel received an eviction notice for her
              modest home in La Puente, a working class suburb of Los
              Angeles, she announced, “We’re not leaving.” She and her
              family hunkered down while dozens of friends and
              supporters camped in their yard, determined to resist.
              When thousands started to gather outside Los Angeles City
              Hall to launch “Occupy LA,” Rose Gudiel went down and told
              her story to one of its first General Assemblies. A group
              from Occupy LA joined the vigil at her home and some
              stayed to camp out. Next Rose Gudiel and an Occupy LA
              delegation protested in front of the $26 million dollar
              Bel Air mansion of Steve Mnuchin, CEO of OneWest, which
              serviced her mortgage. Next day they held a sit-in at the
              Pasadena regional office of Fannie Mae, where Rose
              Gudiel’s 63-year old disabled mother made an impassioned
              plea to save her home and nine protesters were arrested –
              all broadcast that night on the TV news. The next day Rose
              Gudiel received a letter from the bank saying her eviction
              had been called off and soon she had a deal for a
              renegotiated mortgage. Housing advocates are now
              considering a campaign called “Let a thousand Roses
              bloom.” MSNBC commented that Rose Gudiel provides “an
              example of how the sprawling “Occupy” movement – often
              criticized for its lack of focus – can lend muscle to
              specific goals pursued by organizations and individuals.”
            An alliance has been developing between the occupations
              around the country and many different layers of organized
              labor. In New York a group from OWS joined a march of 500
              to a Verizon store held to support the contract campaign
              of Verizon workers. “We’re all in this together,”
              53-year-old Steven Jackman, a Verizon worker from Long
              Island, said about Occupy Wall Street. In Albany, New
              York, Occupy Albany joined a protest outside the State
              Capitol featuring a roasted pig wearing a gold top hat,
              sporting a gold chain and chomping on a cigar. The
              adoption of OWS themes and language was apparent. A local
              union official said, “The corporate pig’s been out there,
              taking a bite out of America, out of the 99 percent, for
              years and I’m inviting all of the 99 percent of America to
              come on down today and take a bite out of the corporate
              pig.”
            The collaboration of OWS and labor can take some unusual
              forms. To support art handlers of the Teamsters’ union,
              activists from OWS started showing up at Sotheby’s
              auctions, masquerading as clients. They would suddenly
              stand up and, instead of offering a bid, disrupt the
              proceedings with loud denunciations of the company’s labor
              practices. OWS activists likewise went to a Manhattan
              restaurant owned by a prominent Sotheby’s board member,
              clinked on glasses for silence, and then denounced the
              company as a union-buster. Jason Ide, president of the
              Teamsters local that represents the art handlers, told
              the Washington Post that the Occupy tactics
              surprised and inspired him and his members – so much so
              that the workers have become regulars at OWS. “Now is this
              rare opportunity for labor unions, and especially the
              union leadership, to take some pointers,” for example by
              considering the civil-disobedience approach taken by
              Occupy demonstrations.
            Meanwhile, a close working relationship has developed
              between climate and environmental activists and the Occupy
              movement. A number of environmental activists, including
              Bill McKibben and Naomi Klein, were early endorses of the
              Occupy movement, and a delegation from Occupy DC marched
              to join a rally against the Keystone XL pipeline. Next a
              group of students and climate activists organized an
              “#OccupyStateDept” action and occupied the area outside
              the Ronald Reagan Building overnight to protest the
              Keystone XL pipeline – and to secure admission to a
              hearing on the pipeline the next day. Ethan Nuss, who had
              stood in line for 14 hours, told the hearing, “Every day I
              wake up and work for a vision in this country of a 100
              percent clean energy economy that will create jobs for my
              generation when my generation is facing the largest
              unemployment since the Great Depression.” Bill McKibben
              urged pipeline opponents to join the Occupy DC encampment
              and invited Occupy DC to join the upcoming anti-pipeline
              action at the White House.
            Bringing It All Back Home
            Just as workers, community residents, students, and even
              housewives in the 1930s adopted the “sit-down strike” to
              address their grievances, so the robust but nonviolent
              direct action of the Occupy movements is being adopted by
              diverse communities and constituencies to address their
              own concerns. For example, a hundred students and teachers
              recently occupied a New York Board of Education meeting to
              protest budget cutbacks, layoffs, large class sizes and
              overemphasis on standardized testing. After the city
              school chancellor and school board members fled the
              meeting, the crowd held an impromptu “general assembly.”
              Her voice amplified by the echo of the “people’s
              microphone,” an elementary school student named Indigo
              told the assembly,
            “Mic check. I’m Indigo, and I am an eight-year-old third
              grader, and I’m sad Ms. Cunningham is doing work for free.
              I don’t think it’s fair that teachers are getting laid
              off. The thing that would help me learn more would be if
              we had smaller classes. My teacher, Ms. Lamar, has to
              shout to be heard.”
            99 percenters are also bringing the OWS message back into
              their own communities. For example, OWSers joined a
              protest in Harlem against “stop and frisk” racial
              profiling by law enforcement officials. Soon, activists
              began holding Occupy Harlem General Assemblies. And civil
              rights and labor groups, including the Coalition of Black
              Trade Unionists, the A. Philip Randolph Institute, the
              Labor Council for Latin American Advancement, the Asian
              Pacific American Labor Alliance, the National Action
              Network, and the New York State and New York City chapters
              of the NAACP organized their own rally in City Hall Park
              and march to the Zuccotti Park to show their support for
              the OWS movement.
            Occupy College provides another example of how 99
              percenters are taking the Occupy message – and mode of
              self-organization -- into other arenas. It is organized
              both to support the Occupations around the country and
              around the world, and to address the specific issues
              affecting college students like the cost of education and
              the burden of college debt that have been important themes
              of the Occupy movements. Occupy College has established a
              website and is initiating National Solidarity Teach-ins in
              early November at colleges around the country.
            While there has been a lot of debate in recent years
              about face-to-face vs. Internet organizing, in fact the
              Occupy and 99-percenter movements have brilliantly
              combined the two. While many Occupy groups and General
              Assemblies have been highly local, there is also
              widespread self-organization occurring on the web by
              groups such “Knitters for Occupy Wall St” and “Knitters
              for the 99 Percent” linking people all over the country
              who are making warm clothes for the occupiers. Here are
              some ways 99-percenters might want to think about
              organizing with their own real and virtual communities:
            
              Bring a speaker from your local Occupy group to a
                meeting in your living room or to whatever organizations
                you belong to.
              Organize a General Assembly in your neighborhood to
                discuss the issues of the 99 percent. Discuss what is
                upsetting people and decide on some concrete action to
                address it.
              If your PTA supports teachers’ jobs and programs for
                low-income students, get them to visit their political
                representatives and also do a joint action with your
                local Occupy group.
              If your church’s food pantry or homeless shelter needs
                money, hold an action at your local bank offices
                demanding that they feed the homeless in “their”
                community. If they won’t, ask your elected officials to
                take a look at the benefits they receive from “their”
                community. (Remember, according to Mayor Bloomberg it
                was the threat of city council officials to look into
                benefits received by the owners of Zuccotti Park that
                led them to back off their efforts to shut down OWS.)
              Create a Facebook page for your own equivalent of
                “Knitters for the 99 Percent.”
              Create a group to monitor local media and to protest
                when they favor the concerns of the 1 percent over those
                of the 99 percent.
              Organize public hearings in your town about what’s
                really happening to the 99 percent and how the 1
                percent’s power is affecting them.
              Create your own temporary occupations in your own
                milieu addressing concerns about housing, jobs, media,
                or whatever else concerns you and your fellow 99
                percenters.
            
            While the connections that have developed with unions are
              of great importance, we need to remember that the great
              majority of 99 percenters don’t have unions.
              Self-organization of non-union workers is a crucial next
              step. Take some of your co-workers down to visit your
              local occupation. Invite someone from your local Occupy
              group to meet with people from your workplace. Discuss
              what support you can give each other and the 99-Percent
              movement.
            The Power of the Powerless
            There is clearly a bigger movement growing out of the
              Occupy movement. But how will it develop? Some expect it
              to become like the Tea Party, a pressure group within the
              political party system. Others imagine something like the
              Tahrir Square demonstrations that toppled the Mubarak
              regime in one concentrated upheaval.
            Neither of these visions takes enough account of the role
              of “secondary institutions” – schools, religious
              congregations, workplaces, communities, ethnic groups, and
              subcultures – in American society. The cooperation and
              acquiescence of these institutions provide the “pillars of
              support” on which both the government and the corporations
              depend – and through which their power can be humbled. And
              they provide arenas in which people can make change that
              will genuinely affect their lives long before they are
              powerful enough to defeat corporate control of national
              politics.
            In our top-down, corporate-controlled political system,
              even our political parties and local governments can be
              considered secondary institutions. Those who are active in
              political parties and organizations can play a role
              supporting the Occupy movements and addressing the needs
              of the 99 percent. You can invite a speaker from your
              local Occupation group; support them in the street; and
              insist your organization’s leaders and the politicians it
              supports take a pro-Occupation stand. You can identify
              ways in which your organization and those it supports
              acquiesce in the interests of the 1 percent and demand
              that they stop.
            The same is true of local governments. In Los Angeles,
              for example, the City Council unanimously passed a
              resolution supporting "the continuation of the peaceful
              and vibrant exercise in First Amendment Rights" of the
              Occupy LA.
            Beyond that, local governments and political parties can
              start pursuing the interests of the 99 percent and stop
              supporting those of the one percent. In Los Angeles, for
              example, the same night the city council voted to endorse
              Occupy LA, it also reaffirmed its support for a
              “Responsible Banking Initiative,” which would leverage the
              city’s over $25 billion in pension and cash investments to
              pressure banks to invest in the city. Moving city funds to
              non-profit development banks is also being discussed.
            In Brooklyn, Assemblyman Vito J. Lopez proposed a
              millionaire’s tax to raise $4 billion to prevent the
              cutting of vital social services. Absent such a tax, he
              proposed a $4 billion fund to be voluntarily contributed
              by 400 companies in the financial sector each contributing
              five to ten million dollars for three years to create
              jobs, fix infrastructure, and build affordable housing. He
              did not say how the companies would be persuaded to
              contribute, but his proposal was made at the start of a
              march from the Brooklyn Borough Hall across the Brooklyn
              Bridge to Wall Street.
            I remember when, during the Vietnam War millions of
              people joined the monthly demonstrations and “work breaks”
              known as the Vietnam Moratorium – only to have the
              national leadership shut it down and move into electoral
              politics. Although some politicians and labor leaders have
              called for OWSers to campaign for Obama or the Democratic
              Party, such a shift is unlikely to happen to the Occupy
              movement. For those who want that to happen, their best
              strategy will be to make Obama and the Democratic Party
              something the Occupy movement (and the rest of the 99
              percent) believe is worth supporting. Start freezing
              foreclosures, taxing the rich, creating new public works
              jobs, and housing the homeless. Build an alternative to
              corporate greed and they will come.
            Winter Soldiers
            The occupations have been incredibly successful. But
              nothing can fail like success. Z Magazine founder
              Michael Albert, just returned from conversations with
              protest veterans in Greece, Turkey, London, Dublin, and
              Spain reports he was told that their massive assemblies
              and occupations at first were invigorating and uplifting.
              “We were creating a new community. We were making new
              friends. We were hearing from new people.” But as days and
              weeks passed, “it got too familiar. And it wasn’t obvious
              what more they could do.”
            Besides boredom (rarely a problem so far), winter is
              coming. I can testify just from sleeping out on one rainy
              night in October that, whatever the occupiers’
              determination, it’s going to be tough. Some will need to
              create sturdier encampments better protected against the
              elements. Some will need to come inside.
            When a threatened army successfully repositions itself it
              is a victory, not a defeat. What matters is that the
              social forces that have made OWS and its kin continue
              their feisty, imaginative, nonviolent reclaiming of public
              space by marches, occupations, and other forms of direct
              action without getting pinned down in positions they can’t
              sustain. That way they can continue their crucial role in
              inspiring the rest of us 99 percenters to organize
              ourselves.
            For that, they need help right now from the rest of us 99
              percenters. In New York, there is now a campaign to let
              the protesters stay and set up tents. Elsewhere
              possibilities for using indoor spaces where occupiers can
              “come in from the cold” (with or without official
              permission) are being explored. Occupiers need both
              material aid and political pressure from unions, religious
              group, and ordinary 99 percenters to make the transition
              to the next phase.
            In 1932 at the pit of the Great Depression, labor
              journalist Charles R. Walker visited “Hoovervilles” and
              unemployed workers’ organizations around the country. He
              predicted:
            
              There will be increasing outbursts of employed and
                unemployed alike – a kind of spontaneous democracy
                expressing itself in organized demonstrations by large
                masses of people.” They will “march or meet in order,
                elect their own spokesmen and committees, and work out
                in detail their demands for work or relief. They will
                present their formulated needs to factory
                superintendents, relief commissions, and city councils,
                and to the government at Washington.
            
            What Walker called a “rough and ready democracy” is what
              OWS and its progeny around the country are creating today.
            The unemployed councils Walker described lasted only a
              few years, but from them sprang the Workers Alliance, a
              hybrid of a trade union for workers on government public
              works projects and a welfare rights organization. It in
              turn was a crucial springboard for the industrial union
              movement that would transform the US economic and
              political system.
            The Occupy movement is not unlikely to last forever, nor
              would it be a good thing if it did. It could be forgotten
              like so many movements of the past. But it instead it
              could be remembered as the progenitor of the 99 Percent
              Movement. That depends on the rest of us 99 percenters.
          
        
      
      
      Source URL: http://www.thenation.com/article/164403/99-percent-organize-themselves
    
    

     
        
              
                    
                        
                            
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                                
                                                    
                                                        
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          _____________________________ 
                                                          Jai Sen 
                                                          jai.sen at cacim.net 
                                                          NEW
                                                          OFFICE ADDRESS : CACIM, G-5 Jangpura Extension
                                                          (basement),
                                                          New Delhi 110
                                                          014, India  www.cacim.net / http://www.openword.in 
                                                          NEW
                                                          LANDLINE :
                                                          +91-11-4504
                                                          7319 
                                                          MOBILE
                                                          : +91-98189
                                                          11325 
                                                          Nearest
                                                          Metro station
                                                          : Jangpura 
                                                          Old
                                                          and registered
                                                          address : A-3
                                                          Defence
                                                          Colony, New
                                                          Delhi 110 024,
                                                          India 
                                                             
                                                          RECENT
                                                          EVENTS : 
                                                          CACIM
                                                          @ WSF Dakar,
                                                          February 2011  -
                                                          see http://cacim.net/twiki/tiki-index.php?page=CACIM+at+WSF+2011 
                                                          February
                                                          8 2011 :
                                                          ‘Facing the
                                                          Challenges of
                                                          the Present
                                                          and the Future
                                                          : How Well is
                                                          the World
                                                          Social Forum
                                                          Doing ?’ 
                                                          February
                                                          9 2011 :
                                                          ‘Confronting
                                                          the
                                                          Consequences
                                                          of Climate
                                                          Change :
                                                          Conflict, War,
                                                          Resistance,
                                                          and Movement
                                                          in the Coming
                                                          Half Century’
                                                          : Looking
                                                          Ahead – What
                                                          Do We Need To
                                                          Do ? 
                                                          February
                                                          9 2011 :
                                                          ‘Perspectives
                                                          on the ‘crisis
                                                          of
                                                          civilization’
                                                          as a focus for
                                                          movements’ 
                                                          NEW
                                                          PUBLICATIONS :
                                                          Jai
                                                          Sen, ed, 2011a
                                                          - Interrogating
                                                          Empires,
                                                          Book 2 in the Are Other Worlds Possible ? series.  New
                                                          Delhi :
                                                          OpenWord and
                                                          Daanish Books 
                                                          Jai
                                                          Sen, ed, 2011b
                                                          - Imagining
                                                          Alternatives,
                                                          Book 3 in the Are Other Worlds Possible ? series.  New
                                                          Delhi :
                                                          OpenWord and
                                                          Daanish Books 
                                                          FORTHCOMING
                                                          PUBLICATIONS  :
                                                          Jai
                                                          Sen and Peter
                                                          Waterman, eds,
                                                          forthcoming
                                                          (2011a) – World Social Forum : Critical
                                                          Explorations. Volume 3 in the Challenging
                                                          Empires series.  New
                                                          Delhi :
                                                          OpenWord 
                                                          Jai
                                                          Sen and Peter
                                                          Waterman, eds,
                                                          forthcoming
                                                          (2011b) – The Movements of Movements :
                                                          Struggles for
                                                          Other Worlds. Volume 4 in the Challenging
                                                          Empires series.  New
                                                          Delhi :
                                                          OpenWord 
                                                          CHECK
                                                          OUT CACIM @ www.cacim.net, OpenSpaceForum @ www.openspaceforum.net,
                                                          and OpenWord @ http://www.openword.in
                                                          AND
                                                          SUBSCRIBE TO WSFDiscuss, an open and
                                                          unmoderated
                                                          forum on the
                                                          World Social
                                                          Forum and on
                                                          related social
                                                          and political
                                                          movements and
                                                          issues. Simply
                                                          send an empty
                                                          email to worldsocialforum-discuss-subscribe at openspaceforum.net 
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                          
                                                      
                                                  
                                              
                                          
                                      
                                  
                              
                          
                      
                  
            
      
    

    

  


-----Inline Attachment Follows-----

_______________________________________________
Debate-list mailing list
Debate-list at fahamu.org
http://lists.fahamu.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/debate-list
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: http://lists.fahamu.org/pipermail/debate-list/attachments/20111106/4cded299/attachment-0001.htm 
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: not available
Type: image/gif
Size: 4539 bytes
Desc: not available
Url : http://lists.fahamu.org/pipermail/debate-list/attachments/20111106/4cded299/attachment-0001.gif 


More information about the Debate-list mailing list